Your theme comes with a customized blog page in addition to the default blog archive page. Please note: it is very important that you do not delete the page called “Blog Archive – Posts Page” as this is where all blog posts are technically stored.
The custom blog layout has a section with text across the width where you can list and link your categories. Simply edit the demo text to the names of your categories, then link the category pages. You can search for the category name in the link box, and select the one listed as “Category.” (image below is from a different theme, but the process is the same)

